Spray nozzle and method of distributing liquid



June 10 1924.

H. W. DAY

SPRAY NOZZLE AND METHOD OF DISTRIBUTING LIQUID Filed May 20. 1921 I mew/Z07 v erewi Wu Patented .Fe 1%, 1924.

HERBERT W. DAY, OF WOLLASTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SPRAY ENGINEER- ING- GOMPANY, 015 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU- SPRAY NOZZLE AND METHOD OF DISTRIBUTING LIQUID.

Application filed May 20,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT W. DAY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Wollaston, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Spray Nozzles and Methods of Distributing Liquid, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to spray nozzles and to'methods of distributing liquid.

In order that the principle of the invention may be readily understood, I have disclosed in the accompanying drawing twoembodiments of the nozzle of the invention, and I will set forth the best mode known to me for practising my method.

In the drawing: I

Fig. 1 is a vertical section, with the core or inner part in elevation, of a spray nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but representing the core in vertical section,

the plane of section being at 90 from that of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section upon the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the core or inner part of the nozzle, turned 90 from the position represented in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of a somewhat modified form of the invention and represents the core or inner part in elevation;

Fig. 6 is a View similar to Fig. 5, but representing the core or inner part in vertical section; and

Fig. 7 is a transverse section upon the line 77 of Fig. 5.

It has heretofore been proposed, as disclosed in the patent to Eneas No. 1,239,168 dated September 4, 1917, to distribute liquid over an extended area by mixing a plurality of jets within a fixed surrounding confining wall and in compelling issuance of said mixed jets from said wall in a flaring {spray of substantially uniform homogeneity.

The method disclosed in said patent was desirably practised by the employment of a central jet and one or more surrounding 1921. Serial no. 471,188.

jets, said jets emanating from a liquid stream introduced into the nozzle from any suitable source.

In accordance with the present invention,

'liquid, such for example as water, is introduced from any suitable source into the end 1 of the nozzle casing represented by 2 in Figs. 1,2 and 3 and is eventually discharged therefrom through the constricted outlet 3.

The casing 2 is of any suitable shape, but is such as to provide a mixing chamber 4 in advance of the inner or core member indicated in its entirety at 5. Desirabl to this end the casing has its end wafi tapered more or less as indicated at 6 in Figs. 1 and 2. The liquid, instead of being divided initially into an inner jet and a surrounding jet or jets, .as disclosed in said Eneas patent,which jets heretofore were preferably separated by a physical wall,-

is caused to partake, either wholly or in is subjected to centrifugal movement.

I provide, in addition, suitable means.

whereby the inner portion of such whirling jet or jets is positively separated from the main jet or jets and is compelled to rotate upon its own axis and preferably at or about the axial line of the nozzle. The several parts of the initial jet or jets are caused to become thoroughly mixed in the mixing chamber 4 which is in advance of the means whereby the centrifugal or whirling action has beengiven. The result is that the water or other liquid issues from the nozzle in a spray of substantially uniform homogeneity in cross section.

In carrying out the method of my invention, I compel a portion of the stream, and which in the nozzle shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is the entire single whirling jet, to be so directed inwardly that it reaches the axial line of the nozzle and there rotateS, ;5upon itself and isgthereafber commingled-in the mixing chamber with the other part or parts of the stream.

To this end and form of the invention shown in Figs. 1

to 4 inclusive, I provide a member 7 which desirably is externally threaded as indicated at 8 to receive the internal thread '9 "upon referring lifirst to that Y side of a true radius.

plicity of construction and to reduce the number of parts, I desirably construct the core 5 integral with the member 7 and in Fig. 2 I have represented the latter as having two integral prolongations 10, 11 constituting an arch or forked construction and from which rises or extends the axial portion 12 of the core. Formed with or otherwise rigid with said axial portion 12 is the vane 13 which desirably is a spiral as indicated most clearly in Figs. 1, 2 andt. Within the scope of my invention the vane may be formed in two or more parts and if a spiral, may be formed as two members partly or wholly encircling the axial part 12 of the core. Desirably, however, I form the spiral as a single spiral which encircles the axial part 12 about one and one-quarter turns as will be clearly evident from a comparison of Figs. 1, 2 and 4.

It will be evident from the foregoing construction that none of the liquid is permitted to pass axially through the casing from the inlet end, but that it is all compelled to partake of a whirling action by means of the spiral 13, the liquid passing along the upper and lower facesv 14, 14' of said spiral as indicated in Fig. 1.

At a suitable point in the upper face 1=l of the spiral 13, I form an obstruction or abutment 15 which is substantially vertical, viewing the drawing, and which extends inwardly desirably a little beyond or to one The said obstruction or abutment 15, as is clearly evident from Fig. 1, is of increasing height or has a sloping upper edge as indicated at 16 in Fig. 1. The said obstruction or abutment 15 extends inwardly to and merges into a chamber or recess 17 which, desirably, is axially positioned with respect to the core 5 as is clearly evident=from Fig. 3.

It will be evident that the liquid passing along and directed by the upper surface 14 of the spiral 13 is intercepted in part by the obstruction or abutment 15 and is compelled to move inwardly along said lip into the recess 17, where it rotates upon itself and issues into the mixing chamber 4 with a whirling motion. The amount of liquid stream that {is thus compelled to move inwardly is dependent upon the height ofthe 'obstruction or abutment l5 and this may be varied in different embodiments of my invention.

Desirably the lip is substantially vertically arranged or rather is in a plane which is parallel to a plane cutting at all points the axis of the core.

While the spiral 13 may be of any suitable shape, Idesirably give an increased upward or forward inclination to the end 18 there of as indicated most clearly in Figs. 1 and. 4:, since I have discovered that thereby the part of the liquid that is not compelled to pass inwardly into the recess 17, 1s caused ineaeaa more completely to mingle with the inner part of the stream issuing from the recess 17.

Both parts of the stream, viz., that part which is compelled to pass into the recess 1? and that part which follows the spiral 13 and is not compelled to pass into the chamber or recess 17, become thoroughly mixed with each other in the mixing chamber 4 and they issue through the constricted passage 3 in a jet of substantially uniform homogeneity in cross section.

It has heretofore been proposed and there is disclosed in patent to Lee H. Parker and C. H. Landon, No.1,381,734t, dated June 14, 1921, a nozzle to permit a part of a stream to pass inwardly, the remaining part of the stream partaking of a whirling motion about the inner part, but so far as I am aware it has never heretofore been proposed to compel a part of the stream to pass inwardly and to rotate upon itself as herein set forth.

In that form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 4, I have provided but a single spiral which passes once about the core. In t iat form of the invention shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, however, which is particularly adapted for use in larger nozzles, I have shown a construction of vane wherein a plurality of streams is provided for.

In such construction the casing 19 may be substantially the same as that shown in the first form of my invention, it having a threaded inlet end 20 and a restricted discharge passage 21 in advance of the mixing chamber 22. The core is provided with an axial portion 23 preferably having a stream lined receiving end 24 which directs the entering liquid with the least possible obstruc tion. Instead of a single surrounding spiral, I provide a plurality and herein four vanes 25, 26, 27 and 28 each extending substantially 90 about the axial portion 21. The said vanes may be of any suitable shape but preferably are formed substantially as indicated. Each of said vanes is provided with a shoulder 29 which is desirably substantially radially arranged so that, together with the end 30 of the adjacent vane, there is formed a slot substantially or nearly radially positioned.

Viewing Fig. 7 it will be observed that four slots 31, 32, 33 and 34 are formed which are herein shown as a little to one side of a true radial line in each case. The said slots lead into a central recess or chamber 35 which, as indicated in Fig. 6, may be of substantial depth.

The liquid which is intercepted by the shoulders 29 from each of the four channels passes into the chamber or recess 35 and is there subjected to a whirling action upon itself at the axial center of the nozzle. The other portions of the liquid which are'not intercepted by the shoulders 29 move along the upper faces of the said vanes, receiving a whirling motion therefrom and enter the mixing chamber 22.. where the become thoroughly mixed with the whirllng liquid issuing from the recess 35.

In that form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 4, I have shown the core member 5 as separate and distinct from the casing 2 and as an integral part of the member 7.

In that form of m invention shown in Figs. 5 to 7, I have s own the core also as separate and distinct from the casing 19. Elther of the said constructions may be employed or the core may be integrally formed with the casing 2 or 19.

Having thus described certain embodiments of the nozzle of my invention and the best mode known to me for ractising the method of my invention, I esire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims- 1. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and-means to compel the withdrawal of a portion of the liquid and the rotation of the withdrawn liquil about its own axis while so segreate g 2. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, vane means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and means to compel the inward withdrawal of a portion of the said liquid and the independent rotation of said withdrawn liquid.

3. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing havin an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to sub ect all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, deflecting means extending transversely of said whirling action means to compel the separation of a ortion of the entering liquid, a mixing cham er in advance of sald several means, into which the several components of the stream enter and from which they all issue throughthe said outlet in a spray of substantially' uniform homogeneity and means to compel rotation upon itself of the separated ortion of the liquid prior to its entrance 1nt0 the mixing chamber.

4. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and deflecting means extending transversely of said whirling action means to the outer edge of the latter to compel the separation of a portion of the whirling stream from the remainder thereof.

'5. A spray nozzle com rising a shell or casing having an'inlet an an outlet, means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, deflectin means extending transversely ofsaid whir ing actrifugal or whirling action, deflectin means extending transversely of said whir ing aetion means to the outer edge of the latter to compel the separation of a portion of the whirling stream, and a mixing chamber in advance of said several means wherein the component portions of the original stream are mixed and from which they issue throu h-the said outlet.

7. spray nozzle comprising a shell or casin havin an inlet and an outlet, means to su ject al the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, deflectin means extending transversely of said whir ing action means to the outer edge of the latter to compel the separation of a portion of the whirling stream and the rotatlon of said separated portion upon itself, and a mixing chamber in advance of said several means wherein the component portions of the original stream are mixed and from which they issue through the said outlet.

8. A spray nozzle com rising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and deflecting means extending transversely across and to the outer edge of said spiral means to compel the separation ofa portion of the entire stream. 1

9. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing havin an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to sub ect all the entering li uid to a centrifugal or V whirling action, eflecting means extending transversely across and. to the outer edge of said spiral means to compel the separation of a tire stream, and a cham r whereinto the separated portion of the stream is directed.

10. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to sub ect all the entering liquid to a centrifu al or whirling action, a deflecting obstructlon extending transversely'of said spiral means to the outer edge thereof, and a chamber at the inward terminus of said obstruction whereinto liquid enters, and .a mixing chamber in advance of said spiral means and obstruction and whereinto all the liquid enters for mixing and subsequent discharge through the sald outlet.

' 11. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to subject all the entering liquid ortion of the ento a centrifugal or whirling action, an obstruction extending transversely of said spiral means to the outer edge of the latter to compel the inward movement of a part only of the whirling stream, and a chamber axially positioned with respect to the nozzle and whereinto the withdrawn liquid passes and is compelled to rotate upon itself.

12. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to sujbect all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, an obstruction extending transversely of said spiral means to the outer edge of the latter to compel the inward movement of a part only of the whirling stream, a chamber axially positioned with respect to the nozzle and \vhereinto the withdrawn liquid passes and is compelled to rotate upon itself, and a mixing chamber in advance of said spiral means and chamber.

13. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, a single spiral means to subect all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and a single interceptin obstruction extending transversely of sai spiral means to the outer edge thereof and intercepting only a portion of the entering liquid, and a chamber at the inner end of said obstruction whereinto only the intercepted portion of the liquid stream enters.

14. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, a single spiral means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, a single intercepting obstruction extending transversely of said spiral means to the outer edge thereof,'achamber at the inner end of said obstruction wh'ereinto the intercepted portion of the liquid stream enters, and a mixing chamber in advance of the said spiral means and chamber.

15. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, vane means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, said vane means having transversely extending obstructing means to intercept a portion of the stream and to direct it inwardly, a chamber whereinto all the intercepted portion of the stream enters, and a mixing chamber in advance of said vane means and said chamher and whereinto all the component portions of the original stream enter and from which they issue through said outlet.

16. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means for subjecting entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, the extreme forward end of said spiral means having a more abruptslope than the rest of the spiral means. and deflecting means extending transversely of said spiral means to compel separation of a portion of the entire stream.

17. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet. vane means to sul'ije-z-t all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and means to compel the inward withdrawal of a portion of said liquid and the independent rotation of said withdrawn liquid upon itself through at least a complete circle.

18. That method of spraying liquid which comprises subjecting a stream of liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action within a confined space, compelling the separation of a portion only of said stream, and subjecting the separated portion to an independent rotation.

19. That method of spraying liquid which comprises subjecting the entire stream of liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action within a confined space, compelling the separation of a portion only of said stream, subjccting the separated portion to an independent rotation. and subjecting all component portions of the original stream to the intermixing action within a confined space and the issuance of the mixed stream from said space as a spray of substantially uniform homogeneity.

20. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, spiral means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and means to compel the withdrawal of a portion of the liquid and the rotation of the withdrawn liquid about its own axis and in a zone surrounding the axial line of the nozzle.

21. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, vane means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and means to com e1 the inward withdrawal of a portion of said liquid and the independent bodily rotation of the said withdrawn liquid.

22. A spray nozzle comprising a shell or casing having an inlet and an outlet, vane means to subject all the entering liquid to a centrifugal or whirling action, and means to compel the inward withdrawal of a portion of said liquid and the, independent bodily rotation of the said withdrawn liquid in a zone surrounding the axial line of the nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I-have signed my name to this specification.

HERBERT W. DAY. 

